Recovery of scandium from bauxite residue—red mud: a …
Red mud is a slimy caustic residue generated from alumina refining of bauxite ores. During the alumina extraction process, about 35 %–40 % of the bauxite ores go into the residue as highly alkaline red mud slurry (pH 10.0–12.5) which contains 15 %–40 % of solid phase in volume [1, 2].Depending on the quality of bauxite ores, producing 1 t …
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Toward Greener and More Sustainable Manufacture of Bauxite-Derived
Over 150 million tons of high-alkaline bauxite residue was produced during the Bayer process of Bauxite smelting in the world annually, causing massive encroachment and irreversible pollution of soil.
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Bauxite | Mining, Refining, Alumina | Britannica
bauxite, rock largely composed of a mixture of hydrous aluminum oxides. Bauxite is the principal ore of aluminum. Bauxites vary physically according to the origin and geologic history of their deposits: some deposits are soft, easily crushed, and structureless; some are hard, dense, and pisolitic, or pealike; still others are porous but …
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Combined effects of bayer process bauxite waste (red mud) …
Water absorption of brick samples changes between 18.3 ± 0.2% and 37.0 ± 0.2%. Hazelnut shell and red mud addition has an effect to increase the water absorption of bricks due to the forming voids and a porous structure in the body. The water absorption of the samples decreased with the increasing firing temperature, as shown in Fig. 7. The ...
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Comprehensive Application Technology of Bauxite Residue …
Bauxite residue is the industrial solid waste discharged from the production of alumina by bauxite, which contains a certain amount of ferric oxide in a reddish-brown color, so it is also called "red mud", and is a typical non-ferrous metallurgical solid waste (Wang et al. 2018; Xue et al. 2022).The varieties of bauxite residue depend on the grade …
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Bauxite | Properties, Formation, Uses » geologyscience
Bauxite is a non-clastic sedimentary rock, meaning it is not made up of fragments of other rocks or minerals that have been transported and deposited by water or wind. Instead, bauxite … See more
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Eco-restoration of bauxite mining: An ecological approach
Water forms the backbone of industries. In bauxite mining process, surplus supply of water is needed for the mining as well as plantation process. During monsoonal period, surface runoff through precipitation from the open cast bauxite mining area acts as major source of the water pollution. During summer season, there is no surface run off.
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Re‐using bauxite residues: benefits beyond (critical raw) …
Bauxite residues from alumina production. Aluminium production consists of two key stages: The first is alumina refining (Bayer process), which involves the generation of alumina from bauxite ore; the second stage is aluminium smelting (Hall–Héroult), the process of transforming alumina into aluminium.67 Most of the world's alumina is …
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Bauxite
12.2.1 Process Overview. The recently patented bauxite-based defluoridation method proposes the use of mildly processed (powdered) bauxite ore as a single-use dispersive batch media in a community-scale system [24]. Bauxite, a globally abundant ore of aluminum, is a viable, effective, and low-cost fluoride adsorbent alternative to AA.
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Bayer Process—Water and Energy Balance
Water enters the process with the key raw material, bauxite, by way of free moisture. Associated with any bauxite source is some component of water, whose …
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Bauxite Mining and Alumina Refining: Process …
The microbiological aspects of water quality management are important at alumina refineries, where potable water may not be from a municipal supply and recycled water …
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Mining and Refining – Process
The process stages are: 1. Milling. The bauxite is washed and crushed, reducing the particle size and increasing the available surface area for the digestion stage. Lime and …
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Vedanta Aluminium patents innovative breakthrough in bauxite …
This refining process generates bauxite residue as a by-product. To produce 1 kg of aluminium, it requires 2 kg of alumina, which consumes 6 kg of bauxite, leaving behind 4 kg of bauxite residue. ... Vedanta Aluminium is the first company in the country to extract the entire volume of water from bauxite residue slurry and recycle it back into ...
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(PDF) Chemical Processing of Bauxite: Alumina …
The Bayer process is a chemical process for refining aluminium hydroxide, Al(OH) 3 from bauxite; this aluminium hydroxide is subsequently calcined to produce alumina, Al 2 O 3 . The basis of the ...
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Chemical Processing of Bauxite: Alumina and Silica Minerals …
The Bayer process is a chemical process for refining aluminium hydroxide, Al(OH) 3 from bauxite; this aluminium hydroxide is subsequently calcined to produce alumina, Al 2 O 3.The basis of the Bayer process is an understanding of the characteristics of the sodium-hydroxide—sodium-aluminate solution relationship, namely its ability to …
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ARTICLE: Addressing the Challenge of Bauxite Residue
The largest waste by-product generated in the Bayer bauxite refining process is bauxite residue, commonly called red mud. An enormous quantity of caustic red mud is generated worldwide every year, posing a very serious and alarming environmental and safety problem. The storage of red mud is a challenge for alumina refineries (Figure …
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Uses of Bauxite
4. Other Uses. Bauxite has limited uses but the wide application in paper making, water purifying, and petroleum refining. Additionally, Bauxite is also used in some other sectors like rubber, plastic, paint and cosmetics. These are some popular uses of Bauxite.
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A low-cost process for complete utilization of bauxite residue
A schematic of the bauxite residue treatment process. Fe recovery was carried out by reductive roasting and magnetic separation. The mixture of dilute acid-washed residue and carbon black (C:O = 3.85) was roasted at 650 °C for 2.5h. The resultant residue was mixed with DI water in a beaker using a magnetic stirrer.
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Extraction of Aluminium (Aluminium Ore)
The filtrate is heated with water to get aluminium hydroxide which on strong heating gives alumina. Hall-Heroult Process. The Hall-Heroult process is widely used in the extraction of aluminium. In Hall-Heroults process, pure Al 2 O 3 is mixed with CaF 2 or Na 3 AlF 6. This results in lowering the melting point of the mixture and increases its ...
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Bauxite
Bauxite (Fig. 1.33) is formed by surface weathering of clay rocks around the tropical region and composer of aluminum oxide (Al (OH) 3 ). It contains 15%–25% aluminum and only ore used for commercial extraction for aluminum. The bauxite occurs as near-surface layers and usually mixed with clay minerals, iron oxide, and titanium dioxide.
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Novel Method of Bauxite Treatment Using Electroreductive Bayer Process
The Bayer process is used worldwide for the alumina production. This process involves the alkaline leaching of bauxite to extract Al, followed by the precipitation of Al(OH) 3 to recycle the solution [1,2,3].The leaching process results in the formation of a solid residue, commonly referred to as a bauxite residue, which consists of iron …
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Bauxite | Mining, Refining, Alumina | Britannica
bauxite, rock largely composed of a mixture of hydrous aluminum oxides. Bauxite is the principal ore of aluminum. Bauxites vary physically according to the origin …
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Study on potential microbial community to the waste water …
Discharging waste water from the bauxite desilication process will bring potential environmental risk from the residual ions and organic compounds, especially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide. Characterization of the microbial community diversity in waste water plays an important role in the biological treatment of waste water. In this study, …
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What is Bauxite?
Bauxite is a mixture of minerals which contain, as well as impurities, different concentrations of hydrated aluminium oxides. Gibbsite (alumina trihydrate), boehmite, and diaspore (alumina monohydrates) are the main ore minerals. Bauxite is a high-aluminium-content rock. That is the main ore that aluminium is mined from.
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Bauxite Beneficiation: An Approach to Value Addition in …
Some bauxite responds quite well in the dry crushing-screening process, and for others it is necessary to use water and wash to reduce deleterious contents. Our experience shows that in low silica gibbsitic bauxite of Guinea, it is sometimes beneficial to remove fines of below 5–10 mm sizes by dry processes, to decrease the goethite ...
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Dealkalization processes of bauxite residue: A comprehensive review
Fig. 2 illustrated the main process of extracting alumina from bauxite by Bayer process and the alkali sources of Bayer bauxite residue. Table 3, Table 4 summarized the main elements and mineralogical compositions of different types of bauxite, as well as the Bayer process parameters applicable to them (Ruys, 2019). It …
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Physical Bauxite Processing: Crushing and Grinding …
The most common initial process step to feed an alumina refinery with bauxite is the crushing or sizing of the raw bauxite material that is extracted from the …
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The Bayer and Hall-Heroult Process | Metallurgy for …
First, the bauxite ore is mechanically crushed. Then, the crushed ore is mixed with caustic soda and processed in a grinding mill to produce a slurry (a watery suspension) containing very fine particles of ore. The slurry is pumped into a digester, a tank that functions like a pressure cooker. The slurry is heated to 230-520°F (110-270°C ...
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From Bauxite to Ingots: The Fascinating Journey of …
The transformation of bauxite to alumina is a vital step in aluminum production. It sets the stage for the next phase, where alumina is smelted to produce aluminum metal. This fascinating process showcases the ingenuity and commitment of the industry to create a valuable resource while prioritizing sustainability.
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A Review of the Extraction of Gallium from Bauxite Ores
It is more economical to produce medium grade bauxite by Bayer-sintering process. Bauxite generally contains 0.003–0.008% gallium, gallium can be enriched and extracted in the smelting process. The main reactions of gallium in Bayer process and sintering process and the trend distribution of gallium in smelting process will be …
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